Many plants have medicinal properties, but only use those you are certain about. Willow bark can be used for pain relief (contains salicylic acid). Avoid unknown plants.
Use dry inner bark or resinous wood as tinder. Create a sheltered area for the fire using a large leaf or rock. Keep the fire small and protected from wind and rain.
Water flowing from a tree stump or vine (if cut carefully and tested) can be a source. Avoid water that is stagnant, smelly, or green. Boiling is always recommended.
Use dry inner bark or resinous wood as tinder. Create a sheltered area for the fire using a large leaf or rock. Keep the fire small and protected from wind and rain.
Apply mud or clay to exposed skin to repel biting insects. Avoid sleeping near stagnant water where mosquitoes breed. Shake out shoes and clothing before putting them on to remove hidden spiders or ants.
In tropical environments, look for vines with milky sap (often toxic) and plants with thorns near water sources (potential poison). Safe water is often found by digging in dry riverbeds or following animal trails to water. Avoid eating insects with bright colors.
